陕西化龙山国家级自然保护区鸟类物种多样性初步研究

Avian Diversity in Hualong Mountain National Nature Reserve

2010年4月～2011年5月,采用样线法及样点调查法对陕西化龙山自然保护区鸟类多样性进行了初步调查.结果表明,化龙山自然保护区共分布有鸟类16目50科224种.按居留型划分,有留鸟123种,夏候鸟67种,旅鸟25种,冬候鸟8种,迷鸟1种.在区系组成方面,190种繁殖鸟种中,有东洋种100种（52.63％）,古北种67种（35.26％）,广布种23种（12.11％）.4种生境中的鸟类物种多样性以落叶阔叶林最为丰富（多样性指数H＇为3.49）,以针叶林和高寒草甸为最低（多样性指数H＇为2.52）,针阔混交林（多样性指数H＇为3.26）与河谷农田（多样性指数H＇为3.15）居中.鸟类物种的均匀度以针阔混交林为最高,且与落叶阔叶林具有较高的相似性.

We surveyed avian species diversity in Hualong Mountain Nature Reserve using line transect and point-count methods from April 2010 to May 2011. We recorded a total of 224 species birds of 50 families and 16 orders. Of these, 123 species were residents, 67 species were summer residents, 25 species were passage migrants, 8 species were winter visitors and 1 species was accidental. Of the 190 species of breeders, 100, 67 and 23 species were oriental, palaearctic and widespread, accounting for 53%, 35% and 12%, respectively. The species diversity indices in 4 types of landscape ranked in descending order from deciduous broadleaved forest（ H＇= 3.49）, coniferous broadleaved mixed forest（ H＇ -=3. 26）, valley and farmland（ H＇ =3.15）, to coniferous forest and alpine meadow （ H＇ = 2.52）. Species evenness （ J＇） was highest in coniferous broadleaved mixed forest, which showed highest similarity（S） to deciduous broadleaved forest.