西南山地丘陵区农村居民点用地适宜性评价与分区优化

Land Use Suitability Evaluation and Optimization of Rural Residential Land in Hilly and Mountainous Areas of Sourth-West China

农村居民点是中国农村人口的主要聚居形式。以西南山区丘陵区的重庆市丰都县兴义镇为例,运用ArcGIS空间分析、数理统计、SPSS聚类分析等多种研究方法,构建了农村居民点用地布局影响评价体系。在评价结果基础上对兴义镇农村居民点用地进行分区优化。（1）通过单因素量化分析和综合评价法分析可知,兴义镇农村居民点用地布局综合适宜度0-45.52,其中高度适宜性区域面积占兴义镇土地总面积的25.16%,中度适宜区面积占29.49%,低度适宜区面积占29.09%,不适宜区面积占16.26%。（2）利用聚类分析法划分出了4个类型区域：即适度挖潜区、重点发展区、限制扩建区和优先整治区,各区农村居民点面积分别为：113.30,188.59,104.01和41.72hm^2。（3）针对各类型区的具体特征,提出了相应的优化方案。

Rural residential land is the mainly settlement form for rural people in China.Taking Xingyi Town in Fengdu County of Chongqing City in hilly and mountainous areas of Sourth-West China as a study area,an evaluation system for effects on rural residential land layout was set up based on ArcGIS spatial analysis,mathematical statistics,SPSS clustering analysis and other research methods.And then the rural residential land use of every zone in Xingyi Town was optimized.The results showed as follows：（1）Through the single factor quantitative analysis and comprehensive evaluation,it showed that rural residential land layout comprehensive suitability of Xingyi Town was 0-45.52,in which,the higher suitable area,moderately suitable area,lower suitable area and inappropriate area accounted for 25.16%,29.49%,29.09%and 16.26%of the total land area in Xingyi Town,respectively;（2）Using the method of cluster analysis,four types of districts were divided,they were moderate exploration district,key development district,expansion-limited district and priority management district,and the area of four districts was 113.30,188.59,104.01 and 41.72hm^2,respectively.Moreover,the corresponding control methods were put forward to optimize the land use structure for different districts.