GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq与伽玛射线暴-超新星成协

GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq and the Gamma-Ray Burst/Supernova Associations

从1998年4月初步确认GRB 980425/SN 1998bw成协,至2013年9月确认GRB130831A/SN 2013fu成协,共有11对伽玛暴与超新星成协事件通过光谱学方法得到确认。对伽玛暴-超新星成协的详细研究大大深化了人们对伽玛暴与Ic型超新星的认识,并推进了人们对大质量恒星演化、死亡以及爆发机制的研究:对它们的多波段余辉的性质以及超新星光谱的观测与分析间接地揭示出伽玛暴-超新星中心引擎的性质。这些事件中,GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq具有特殊的重要性:它是近距离宇宙中唯一的高能、高亮度的伽玛暴,它的GeV辐射挑战了当前的伽玛暴辐射机制,伴随它的明亮光学闪提供了爆炸本性的有用线索,伴随它的SN 2013cq是伽玛暴成协的超新星中动能最大的超新星之一,对伴随它的中微子探测的零结果也对伽玛暴的瞬时辐射模型给出了有用的限制。总结了GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq的重要观测结果,这对于探索伽玛暴-超新星成协的本质及伽玛暴瞬时辐射和余辉的细节性质有非常重要的研究价值。

Eleven gamma-ray burst （GRB）/supernova （SN） associations have been identi-fied since the first possible connection between GRB 980425 and SN 1998bw was discovered in April 1998. The most recent association is GRB 130831A/SN 2013fu which was identified in September 2013. By studying these GRB/SN associations in details, our understanding of GRBs as well as type Ic SNe has been greatly deepened, and the study of the evolution, death as well as explosion of massive stars has been advanced. The observations and analysis of their multi-band afterglows and supernova spectra have gradually unveiled the GRB/SN central engines. GRB 130427A is the only-known unique energetic and luminous GRB dis-covered in the local universe. The GeV gamma-ray emission of GRB 130427A challenges current GRB radiation mechanisms. The bright optical flash from GRB 130427A provides valuable clues about the nature of the explosion. The kinetic energy of SN 2013cq accompa-nied GRB 130427A is one of the largest kinetic energy of all SNe associated with GRBs. The non-detection of neutrinos from GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq can put useful constraint on the models for GRB prompt emission. In this review, we summarize the important observational properties of GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq, which are very valuable for exploring the nature of GRB-SN association and the detailed properties of the prompt and afterglow emission.