试论建国后毛泽东城乡一体的城镇化思想

On Mao Zedong's Urbanization Thoughts of the Urban-rural Integration after the Foundation of New China

文章基于新中国成立后革命重心从农村向城市转变的形势,对建国后毛泽东城乡一体的城镇化思想进行了分析;指出了中国城镇化道路坚持城乡一体的必然性和"你中有我,我中有你"的发展模式以及实现这一模式的途径。以毛泽东为首的中国共产党人通过理论研究与实地调查相结合的方式,逐渐形成了符合中国国情的城镇化思想,探索出了"工农结合,城乡结合"的城乡一体发展的基本路径,即以农村工业化带动城镇化,逐步缩小城乡差距;城市领导农村,实现城乡一体互动发展。根据这一发展模式,中国将会打破城乡分离与"异化"发展,消除脑力劳动与体力劳动的差别,实现城乡教育的公平发展等,最终形成"城中有村,村中有城"的理想社会状态。人民公社化运动就是为实现这一理想社会而进行的实践探索。

The paper analyzed Mao Zedong＇s urbanization thought of the urban-rural integration after the foundation of new China on the basis of such situation as the revolutionary center was transferring from the countryside to the city and it pointed out the necessity of preserving in the integration of the urban and rural areas, the developing model of ＂I am with you while you are with me＂ and how to realize it. Mao Zedong, the head of the Communist, gradually formed the urbanization thought in view of China＇s actual conditions by way of investigation and theoretical research and founded the basic route of＂combination between workers and peasants, combination between city and country＂, that is, promoting urbanization through industrialization to narrow the disparity in urban and rural areas and leading the countryside by the city to realize the interdynamic integration of urban and rural areas. According to this developing model, China will break up the＂alienation＂development and the separation between urban and rural areas, dispel the differences between mental labor and manual labor, realize fair development in education between urban and rural areas in order to form the ideal social state of ＂there are villages in the city while there are cities in the village＂finally. The people＇s commune movement is just the practical exploration to realize the ideal society.