论孔子的启发式教学法及其运用——以“思想道德修养与法律基础”课程为例

A Study of Confucius' Heuristic Didactics——Illustrated by the Example of the Course of Ideological and Moral Cultivation and Legal Basis

孔门教育,以道德教育和人格教育为主。孔子在对弟子进行教育的时候重在引导,而非填充,他运用了各式各样的启发式教学法,包括双向交流、"叩竭法"、因材施教等,通过采取这些方法既启迪了学生的思维,又提高了道德教育的效果。当代大学课程中的"思想道德修养与法律基础"课程也是对学生进行思想道德教育的主干课程,其与孔子的道德教育有相通之处。研究孔子在道德教育中所运用的启发式教学法,对于此门课程的教学工作具有重要的指导意义。

The moral education was the main theme of Confucius＇ ing. He used all kinds of heuristic didactics, such as the two education. He focused on heuristics rather than spoon-feed- - way communication, the dialectical method and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Through these ways Confucius enlightened students and improved teaching effectiveness. The course of ideological and moral cultivation and legal basis is the main course to strengthen the university students＇ moral qualities. Studying the Confucius＇ heuristic didactics is important for the teaching of this course.