从组蛋白及组蛋白修饰看视网膜疾病

Histones and histone modifications of retina conditions and disorders

视网膜疾病包括年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）、糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）、视网膜色素上皮变性（RP）和营养不良、视网膜和脉络膜肿瘤等,是一组与视网膜及其神经和血管相关的疾病.尽管基因变异和单核苷酸多态性等遗传学因素所造成的基因表达的改变已被证明与这些疾病的发病机制有密切关系,但在基因序列不发生改变的情况下,长期内在及外在环境变化造成的可遗传性基因表达的改变正受到研究者的关注.近年来越来越多的证据支持至少部分视网膜疾病的发病机制与表观遗传,特别是组蛋白及组蛋白修饰有关.相关研究的进展使我们加深了对视网膜疾病病理机制的认识.

Retina conditions and disorders,such as age-related macular degeneration （AMD）,diabetic retinopathy （DR）,retinitis pigmentosa （RP） and retinal or choroidal tumors,are relevant diseases to retinal neurons and vasculatures.Although genetic factors such as gene mutation and single nucleotide polymorphisms cause changes of gene expression and involve in the pathogenesis of certain retinal diseases,the alteration of gene expression can be observed without changing the genome sequences under the external or internal stimuli.This epigenetic role,especially histones and its modification,has been considered as a part of mechanisms of those diseases described above.Current advances have drawn our attentions to this field in both pathological and therapeutical challenges of retinal diseases.