干性年龄相关性黄斑变性动物模型研究进展

Current research in animal models of dry age-related macular degeneration

年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是55岁以上人群主要的致盲眼病之一.随着中国老龄化问题的日益严重,其患病率逐年升高,其治疗也成为研究的热点,其中干性AMD的发病机制尚不明确,故缺乏有效的治疗措施.以往已有大量的基础研究关注干性AMD发病的分子机制,然而,缺乏合适的动物模型成为研究过程中的一大困扰.目前,研究已发现多种干性AMD动物模型,为相关研究工作提供了重要工具,但是不同的动物模型有其优缺点,病变发生的过程也不尽相同,在研究中选择合适的模型对相关研究至关重要.就近年来国内外研究中建立的各种干性AMD动物模型的特点进行综述.

Age-related macular degeneration （AMD） is the leading cause of the irreversible vision loss in population over 55 years of age.With the increasingly serious problem of aging,the prevalence of AMD is rising year by year.However,as the pathogenesis of dry AMD is largely unknown,the effective therapy still is lack.Given that there was a lack of proper animal models,it brought about obstacles to researches about molecular mechanism underlying dry AMD.Nowadays,lots of murine models of dry AMD have been established and developed,which provide suitable tools for relevant researches.But,different dry AM D models show varied pathogenesis features,and a reasonable choice of models is very important for different studies.The characteristics of different dry models were reviewed in this article.