糖尿病视网膜病变的动物模型及药理研究进展

Advance in animal model and pharmacological research for diabetic retinopathy

糖尿病是常见的慢性代谢障碍性疾病.糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是其主要的微血管并发症之一,患病率为24％ ～ 70％,为当前全球主要的致盲病因.随着人口老龄化越来越严重,糖尿病的患病率逐渐增加,已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题.DR的发病机制十分复杂,至今尚未完全阐明.有研究表明DR的病理生理学改变包括视网膜血管病变、视神经损伤、炎症损伤等.针对不同的发病机制已研发出各种治疗DR的药物.就DR发病的动物模型、药理研究进展综述如下.

Diabetes mellitus belongs to metabolic disorder.Diabetic retinopathy （DR） is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus with the prevalence of 24%-70%.It severely affects the quality of life.DR is bound to a serious problem of public health along with a dramatic aging population and a growing crowd with diabetic mellitus.Even though various pathogenesis of DR have been identified,such as vascular pathological changes,neuronal degeneration,inflammatory lesions,its mechanism remains mystery.A lot of drugs for DR have been developed basing on different pathogenesis mechanisms.Current researches on animal models and pharmacology for DR were reviewed.