大学毕业生完美主义、核心自我评价与择业焦虑的关系研究

Relations among perfectionism, core self-evaluation and job-selecting anxiety of university graduates

目的探讨大学毕业生核心自我评价在完美主义与择业焦虑间的中介作用。方法运用中文Frost多维完美主义问卷、核心自我评价量表和择业焦虑自评量表，采用方便取样对200名大学毕业生进行施测。结果①择业焦虑在性别、生源地、是否独生子女上均差异无统计学意义（P〉O．05），但在专业性质上差异有统计学意义[理工科（1．79±0．49）分，文史类（3．21±0．50），t=-4．38，P〈O．01]②大学毕业生积极完美主义与核心自我评价存在显著正相关（r=0．31，P〈O．01），而与择业焦虑呈显著负相关（r=-0．35，P〈0．01）；消极完美主义与核心自我评价存在显著负相关（r=-0．35，P〈O．01），而与择业焦虑存在显著正相关（r=0．42，P〈O．01）；同时，大学毕业生核心自我评价与择业焦虑存在显著负相关（r=-0．46，P〈O．01）③积极、消极完美主义对择业焦虑具有直接的负向和正向预测作用。核心自我评价在这一直接预测中都起部分中介作用，中介效应值为30．0％和34．5％。结论完美主义作为一种人格特质可以较好的预测择业焦虑水平，核心自我评价在完美主义与择业焦虑间起到了部分中介作用，这一作用机制对大学毕业生的职业心理辅导具有重要意义。

Objective To explore the mediation role of university graduates＂ core self-evaluation played between perfectionism and job-selecting anxiety. Methods 200 university graduates were investigated by Chinese frost multidimensional perfectionism questionnaires, core self-evaluation scale and self-rating anxiety scale with con- venience sampling method. Results （1）Job-selecting anxiety had no distinct differences in gender, residence and the aspects of only-child（P〉0.05） , but in different subjects,it was different（ science and technology（1.79±0.49） , culture and history（3.21±0.50） , t=-4.38, P〈O.01 ）. （2 ）University graduates＂ positive perfectionism was positively correlated with core self-evaluation（ r= 0.31, P〈0.01 ） ,while negatively correlated with job-selecting anxiety（ r= -0.35, P〈0.01 ）.University graduates＂ negative perfectionism was negatively correlated with core self-evaluation（ r = - 0.35, P〈 0.01 ）, while positively correlated with job-selecting anxiety （ r = 0.42, P〈 0.01 ）. Simultaneously core self-evaluation was negatively correlated with job-selecting anxiety （ r = - 0.46, P〈 0.01 ）. （3） Core self-evaluation played a part of the intermediary role between negative perfectionism and job-selecting anxiety.The mediating effect was 30.0% of the total effect. Core self-evaluation played a part of the intermediary role between positive perfec- tionism and job-selecting anxiety.The mediating effect was 34.5% of the total effect. Conclusion Perfectionism as a personality trait can calculate the level of job-selecting anxiety. Core self-evaluation plays a part of the intermediary role between perfectionism and job-selecting anxiety. It is helpful to the working tactics of university graduates.