上海市郊不同耕地类型土壤微生物活性研究

Study on Soil Microbial Activity of Different Types of Farmland in Shanghai Suburban Areas

该文利用土壤酶学法和土壤呼吸监测方法,分析了上海市郊不同耕地类型土壤的微生物活性,并对其相关影响因子进行了探讨。结果表明,除水稻田外,其他3种旱地作物的土壤FDA(荧光素双乙酸酯)水解酶活性和土壤呼吸速率均呈由高到低的趋势,即西瓜地>设施菜地>花菜地;土壤FDA水解酶活性与土壤有机质含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与全盐量呈显著负相关(P<0.05);土壤呼吸速率与温度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与含水率呈显著正相关(P<0.05);3种旱地作物土壤FDA水解酶活性与土壤呼吸速率显著正相关(P<0.05),两者均可反映土壤微生物活性,但土壤呼吸速率不适合用于监测水稻土壤的微生物活性变化,表明FDA水解酶活性在土壤微生物活性监测方面的适用性更为广泛。

A study on soil microbial activity and its influencing factors of different types of farmland in Shanghai suburb was carried out,in which oil enzyme analysis and monitoring method of soil respiration rate were employed. The study found that both of the fluorescein diacetate（FDA） hydrolytic activity and soil respiration rate decreased in all the types of farmland evaluated except for the paddy field,with the order of decline trend as watermelon land primary vegetable land cauliflower land. FDA hydrolytic activity was highly significantly and positively correlated with organic matter content（P〈0.01）and was significantly and negatively correlated with total salt content（P〈0.05）;on the other hand,soil respiration rate was highly significantly and positively correlated with soil temperature（P〈0.01） and was significantly and positively correlated with soil water content（P〈0.05）. In addition,FDA hydrolytic activity was significantly and positively correlated with soil respiration rate（P〈0.05） in respect to the farmland of watermelon and vegetables. Both of the two indexes could reflect farmland soil microbial activity,but the method of soil respiration rate is not suitable for monitoring soil microbial activity of paddy fields,thus,comparatively,FDA hydrolytic activity could be extensively used.