论王阳明“良知”的伦理内蕴

On the Ethical Connotation of Wang Yangming's “Conscience”

"良知"是王阳明心学的核心概念,是其出发点,也是其归宿。王阳明的"良知"概念主要来自先秦的孟子和宋代的朱熹,其伦理内容主要包括三个方面:1、"良知"是道德本体,构成了宇宙和自然的秩序;2、"良知"是道德原则,规范了人类道德社会和知识社会;3、"良知"是道德判断标准,是人的行为是非判断的依据。要想体认和践履"良知",就要做到:1、静坐、息思虑;2、省察克治;3、知行合一。总之,王阳明的"良知"具有丰富的伦理内蕴,是我们理解其心学体系的一把钥匙。

＂ Conscience＂ is the core concept of the school of mind of Wang Yangming. It is the starting point, but also its destination. The main source of the concept of ＂Conscience＂ came from the first Master Meng at the pre - Qin era and Zhu Xi in the Song Dynasty. The main ethical contents of ＂conscience＂ include three aspects： 1 ） ＂Conscience＂ is a moral body, it composes the order of the universe and the nature; 2） ＂Conscience＂ is the norm of morality, it constitutes the standard of the morality of human and knowledge society; 3） ＂Conscience＂ is the judgment standard of morality, it is based on human behavior for judgment. We want to realize and fulfillment ＂conscience＂, we should do the following three points ： 1 ） Sit quietly, relaxing and considering; 2） realization and overcoming oneself; 3） the unity of knowledge and action. In short, Wang Yangming＇ s ＂conscience＂ has abundant ethical connotation, and it is a key to understanding of the school of his mind and learning system.