全球锂矿资源分布与潜力分析

Analysis of the global lithium resource distribution and potential

锂矿资源作为未来的战略资源,全球储量丰富,目前超过60%的锂矿资源尚未得到勘探开发,潜在资源量巨大。全球锂矿资源集中分布在南美洲的"锂三角"地区以及中国和澳大利亚。根据锂矿资源的赋存状态,本文将锂矿床划分为盐湖卤水型锂矿床、伟晶岩型锂矿床和沉积型锂矿床三种类型,并分析了三种类型锂矿床的成矿规律。本文结合各主要资源国家的勘探开发现状,在全球范围内(除中国)圈定了9个成矿潜力区,并从资源品位、资源总量、成矿地质背景以及勘探开发条件等多方面综合分析了各潜力区的总体状况。同时,本文综合考虑潜力区的潜在资源量、供出口情况以及投资环境等因素,提出了"重点瞄准拉丁美洲、重视亚欧地区、适时介入发达国家、关注非洲"的全球锂矿勘查开发战略。

As the strategic resource for the future,lithium is abundant and potential in the global,and there are more than 60% of the lithium resources without prospecting and exploitation.The lithium resource mainly distributed in the lithium ＂triangle＂region of South America,China and Australia.According to the occurrence state of lithium,the lithium deposits were divided into three types：salt lake brine type,pegmatite type and sedimentary type.On the basis of the metallogenic regularity of three types lithium deposit,the paper analyzed nine potential zones on the global scale（except China）,combining with the exploitation situation of major countries abounding in lithium resources.The overall statuses of different potential zone were analyzed from the grades and grosses of resources,mineralization geological background,exploration and development conditions and any other aspects.Meanwhile,in consideration of potential resources,export volumes,investment climate and other factors,the paper putted forward the global strategies for lithium resources development and exploration：intensively aiming for Latin America,paying attention to the asiaeurope region,getting involved in developed countries and giving focus on Africa.