深圳市福田区口服避孕药的KAP现况分析

A knowledge,attitude and practice study on oral contraceptives in Futian District of Shenzhen

目的：了解深圳市福田区育龄妇女口服避孕药使用情况及存在问题。方法：2014年5～8月对福田区应用短效避孕措施妇女进行口服避孕药（OC）使用及知识一念度一行为（KAP）问卷调查，内容包括研究对象的一般人口学特征、月经及婚育史、避孕节育情况、OC相关KAP等内容。结果：OC相关知识的来源和希望接受的宣传教育方式均主要是书报或宣传手册、电视录像广播、网络。在短效避孕方法中现用OC对象仅占3．6％。OC的获得途径主要是“药店购买”（77．8％），“计生服务机构领取”和“医院或社区卫生服务中心领取”分别占15．0％和7．2％；年轻、文化程度高的对象更倾向于在药店购买OC，而年龄较大、文化程度低者更可能在计划生育服务机构领取OC。调查对象曾服用OC后停用的主要原因为“担心长期服用对身体不利”（56．1％）和“副作用大”（25．9％）。结论：OC现用率较低，需要从政府、卫生机构、受众多方着手提高OC在育龄妇女中的可接受性。

Objective： To evaluate the prevalence of oral contraceptive （OC） use and to understand relevant problems comprehensively. Methods： A questionnaire survey was conducted among women of childbearing age in Futian District. Information on general demographic characteristics, menstruation, marital status and reproductive history, contraceptive use, knowledge-attitude-practice （NAP） on OC, etc., was surveyed by a questionnaire. SAS software was applied for statistical analysis. Results： The primary ways of getting OC knowledge and of expecting to get propaganda and education on OC were books, newspapers or brochures, TV, video or broadcasting, and network. OC users accounted for only 3.6 % of short-acting contraceptive users. Most respondents bought OC from ＂drugstore＂ （77.8 %）. The propor tions of those who got OC from ＂family planning service station＂ and from ＂hospital or community health service center＇ were 15.0 %0 and 7.2%, respectively. Young and well-educated women tended to buy OC from drugstore. However, old and poor-educated women tended to get OC from family planning service station for free. The most frequent reasons for stopping OCs use were ＇worrying about the adverse long-term effects on body＇ （56.1%） or ＂intolerable side effects＇ （25.9%）. Conclusion： It is essential to improve the acceptability of OC by women of child-bearing age with the effort of governments and health institutions. We should diverse the propaganda ways, attach great importance to the net work platform construction, and guide correctly. It is also important to improve methods of regular follow-up, pay at- tention to privacy, and popularize and distribute free, less side-effect and more convenient OC.