OECD国家学前教育成本分担现状及其启示

The Status of Preschool Education Cost Sharing in OECD Countries and Its Implications for China

根据OECD官网、《教育一瞥》公布的相关数据,对1998—2010年OECD国家政府、家庭、私人间的学前教育成本分担进行整理与分析。结果发现,OECD国家政府分担比例较高,家庭分担比例较低;政府间分担类型多样化;作为成本分担基础的学前教育财政投入规模相对较大,但与小学教育相比,学前教育的绝对投入量仍显不足。这对解决我国学前教育成本分担存在的问题有如下主要启示:优化三方分担结构,逐步构建以政府为主的学前教育成本分担形式,减轻家庭负担;优化政府间分担结构,进一步明确"省级统筹、以县为主";加大学前教育财政投入总量。

Based on the relevant data published on the OECD＇s official website and Education at a glance, the study analyzed the cost of preschool education between government, family and private in OECD countries during 1998 -2010. It was found that the financial investment of preschool education in OECD countries was relatively large. Compared with family and private＇s shares, the government accounted for a larger proportion of the cost while the input of preschool education was still not enough. To China, the total investment in preschool education should be increased and gradually build a kind of government-dominated cost sharing structure to reduce the burden of the family.