双季铵基邻苯二甲酸酯表面活性剂的合成及性能

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF PHTHALATE GEMINI SURFACTANT CONTAINING DI-QUATERNAR YAMMONIUM GROUPS

采用N,N-二甲基乙醇胺与邻苯二甲酰氯反应得到二(二甲基胺基乙基)邻苯二甲酸酯(Ⅰ),然后Ⅰ再分别与正溴代十四烷和正溴代十六烷反应,经处理后得到邻苯二甲酸酯基Gemini表面活性剂SHZ14(双十四代邻苯二甲酸酯双子表面活性剂)和SHZ16(双十六代邻苯二甲酸酯双子表面活性剂),两步反应的总收率分别为46.1%和49.7%。采用最大气泡压力法和电导法分别测定了SHZ14和SHZ16的表面张力和临界胶束浓度,并考察了其增溶性、乳化性能和泡沫性能和Krafft点,发现均优于传统表面活性剂十四烷基三甲基溴化铵和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,并且SHZ16的表面活性要稍好于SHZ14,说明双子表面活性剂性能要优于传统表面活性剂性能,同时碳原子个数增加,表面活性也略有增加。

Phthalate Gemini surfactant containing di-quaternary ammonium groups （SH Z14 and SHZ16） were prepared from his [-2-（dimethylamino） ethyl] phthalic ester（ I ） which was obtained by the reac- tion of 2-（dimethylamino）ethanol with phthaloyl dichloride. Yield of bromotetradecane and bromo- hexadecane were 46.1% and 49.7 %, respectively. The surface tension and critical micelle concentra- tion （CMC） of SHZ14 and SHZ16 was found by maximum bubble pressure method and conductance method. Its soluble, emulsifying property, foaming property and Krafft point were also studied. The results indicate that SHZ14 and SHZ16 aremuch better than traditional surfactant CTAB and CT- MAB, the surface activity of SHZ16 is better than SHZ14, which indicates the surface activity increased slightly with the increase of the number of carbon atoms.