仪式活动视角下的集体记忆和象征空间的建构过程及其机制研究——以南京大学校庆典礼为例

THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS AND MEMECHANISM RESEARCH OF COLLECTIVECHANISM MEMORY AND SYMBOLIC SPACE IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF RITUAL ACTIVITY: A CASE STUDY OF CELEBRATION CEREMONY IN ANNIVERSARY OF NANJING UNIVERSITY

仪式活动是集体记忆、象征空间与地方认同建构源头,因其研究有助于揭示城市各空间尺度内的公共生活竞争的内在机制,因此已成为西方文化地理学的重要研究命题;但此类以仪式活动为视角,揭示集体记忆、象征空间建构过程及其机制的研究,在国内极少。鉴于其研究重要意义,文章以南京大学校庆典礼为例,运用文献研究、田野考察、访谈等多种定性与定量方法,探讨了自上而下的仪式活动,即校庆建构集体记忆、象征空间、地方认同的过程及其机制,为校园特别是新校园或扩建校园的纪念物建设与规划提供科学依据。

Ritual activity is the origin of the constructing of the collective memory, symbol space and local identity, which has become an important research topic in Western cultural geography since its study helps to reveal the inner competition mechanisms of political and public life in various city spatial scales. Of those few pertaining domestic literature mainly view ritual activity, collective memory, symbol space and local identity as separate research topics. In view of such research＇s lasting and overspread effect, the paper choos- es Nanjing University anniversary ceremony as a study case, covering both one old and two new campus of Nanjing University. Then, the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, such as literature re- search, fieldwork, deep-interview, has been used to explore the construction process and mechanism of col- lective memory, symbolic space and local identity through top-down ritual activities, namely anniversary cer- emony of an university, so as to contribute to the nurture of diverse university community in the increasingly globalization of China and in turn lead to evoke diversified collective memory and enhance the local identity through the planning and construction of campus memorials on campus, especially on new campus or ex- panded campus.