冲击波和高速破片联合作用下夹芯复合舱壁结构的毁伤特性

Damage characteristics of sandwich bulkhead under the impact of shock and high-velocity fragments

为探讨导弹战斗部近炸下舰船夹芯复合舱壁结构设计方法,采用TNT和预制破片近炸实验研究了典型夹芯复合舱壁结构在冲击波与高速破片联合作用下的破坏效应,分析了冲击波和破片联合毁伤载荷,指出了钢质面板和抗弹层的破坏模式,阐述了夹芯复合舱壁结构的防护机理。结果表明:预制破片装药近炸下,破片能远大于冲击波能,是防护结构的主要设计载荷;前面板主要是抵御冲击波,其变形破坏整体为挠曲大变形,局部为集团破片冲塞破口、破片穿孔和撞击凹坑;背板以挠曲大变形吸能为主;陶瓷材料碎裂严重,部分陶瓷碎片反向飞溅撞击前面板;纤维增强复合材料发生了纤维断裂、基体开裂、整体弯曲大变形及分层等破坏,抗弹层应避免产生穿透性破坏。

In order to explore the design method of sandwich bulkhead subjected to the close blast load of missile-warhead, experiments were carried out to investigate the damage effect of sandwich bulk- head subjected to combined impact of shock and fragments using cast TNT and prefabricated frag- ments. The combined impact load of the shock and high-ve!ocity fragments were analyzed. The fail- ure modes of surface plate and sandwich core of the bulkhead were pointed out, and the protective mechanism of sandwich bulkhead were analyzed. Results show that the impact energy acted on the structure by the prefabricated fragments is far larger than that of shock under the close blast of cast TNT and prefabricated fragments, and should be the main load in the design of the bulkhead. Under combined impact of close-impact waves and high-velocity fragments, the deformation and failure modes of the front plate is large deformation, combined with large amounts of perforation holes, in- cluding large shearing plug caused by the dense fragments, perforation and craters caused by individu- al fragments. Large deformation is the main failure modes of back plate. Al2 O3 tiles are badly frag- mented. Part of the tile fragments splashed reversely and impact on the front plate. Fiber-reinforced composite laminates will generate large deformation including damage like fibers fracture and matrix cracking. In the design of sandwich bulkhead, the front plate should avoid transverse shearing failure and collision on the bullet-resistant core, the bullet-resistant core should avoid perforation failure, and the back plate should have enough strength to absorb the residual impact energy.