丙烯腈接枝改性羊毛纤维的影响因素研究

Investigation of Acrylonitrile Graft Copolymerization onto Wool Fibers

采用高锰酸钾-草酸氧化还原体系引发丙烯腈在羊毛纤维上进行接枝共聚。考察了氢氧化钠前处理、单体用量、接枝反应时间、引发剂浓度、温度等因素对接枝率、接枝效率及纤维强度的影响。傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)形貌观察表明高锰酸钾-草酸氧化还原体系可以有效引发丙烯腈在羊毛纤维上的接枝共聚,接枝后聚丙烯腈均匀覆盖在毛纤维表面。接枝率随氢氧化钠处理时间的增加而增加,但羊毛纤维单纤强度减小;接枝率随丙烯腈单体用量增加而增加,但接枝效率却减小;接枝率随反应时间的延长而增加,直至达到平衡;升高反应温度会导致接枝率降低。接枝共聚后接枝羊毛的断裂强度和热稳定性提高。

Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile （AN） onto the wool fiber was initiated by potassium permanganate-oxalic acid redox system. The influence of sodium hydroxide pretreatment, dosage of monomer, reaction time, concentration of initiators and temperature to graft percentage, graft efficiency and tensile strength of fiber were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） results showed that potassium permanganate-oxalic acid redox system have a good ability to initiate acrylonitrile grafting copolymerized onto the wool fiber. The surface of wool became rough and coated well with grafted poly （acrylonitrile）. Graft percentage increased with the increasing of treatment time by sodium hydroxide solution, but the tensile strength of wool fiber decreased. When monomer dosage was increased, Graft percentage would be increased, but graft efficiency decreased. Graft percentage was increased to equilibrium with the increasing of reaction time. The tensile strength and the thermostability of the grafted wool fibers were increased.