分时电价环境下基于家居能量管理系统的家居负荷建模与优化运行

Modeling and Optimal Dispatch for Residential Load Based on Home Energy Management System Under Time-of-Use Pricing

分时电价反映了电能商品的时间差价,可以更好地鼓励用户合理安排用电时间,削峰填谷,提高电力资源的利用效率;家居能量管理系统(home energy management system,HEMS)的研发与可变电价环境下家居负荷的优化方法成为影响分时电价应用效果的关键因素。为此,文章在HEMS的基础上研究了如何给出家居设备的优化运行方案以应对多变的分时电价。首先,给出了家居设备的负荷特性描述,通过各类特性的搭配对常见家居设备进行建模;然后,建立了分时电价环境下的家居设备优化运行决策模型,模型以最小化用户电能成本与最小化峰谷差为目标,综合考虑多类设备以及分布式新能源的协调;最后进行算例仿真,对比分析了多种场景下的优化决策结果,验证了优化运行决策模型在控制用户电能成本及减小峰谷差方面的作用。

Since time-of-use （TOU） pricing reflects the horary price difference of power energy, adopting TOU pricing can stimulate electricity consumers to reasonably schedule their power utilization more effectively to improve the utilization efficiency of electric power resources and play a part in peak load shifting. The research and development of home energy management system （HEMS） and the optimization of residential load scheduling under TOU pricing become the key factors impacting the application effect of TOU pricing. Based on HEMS, it is researched how to establish the optimal scheduling of residential load to cope with changeful TOU pricing. Firstly, the load characteristics description of residential load is given and the modeling of common household appliances by the collocation of their load characteristics is conducted; secondly, a decision model for optimization operation of household appliances under TOU pricing, in which the minimized electricity cost of consumer and the minimized peak-valley difference in power system are taken as the objectives and the coordination among various kinds of household appliances and distributed generations is synthetically considered, is built; finally, case simulation is carried out and the comparative analysis on optimized decision results under various scenes are performed to validate the role played by the built decision model in controlling consumers＇ electricity utilization cost and decreasing the peak-valley difference.