乙肝疫苗接种致不良反应445例文献分析

445 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Hepatitis B Vaccine:Literature Analysis

目的：探讨乙肝疫苗接种致不良反应（ADR）发生的特点及一般规律,以引起计划免疫工作者及临床医务工作者的重视并加以相关防范,减少死亡或误诊的发生。方法：检索中国知网1979-2014年公开报道的有关乙肝疫苗接种致ADR的个案病例,并进行分类统计、分析。结果：共检索到185篇符合标准的文献,合计445例。在本次统计的病例中,ADR发生于0~1岁的婴幼儿的比例较高,达到31.36%;ADR多发生于用药1 h内;血源性乙肝疫苗以过敏反应为主,达31.15%;重组乙肝疫苗多为接种反应,占34.52%,过敏反应仅占7.47%。结论：乙肝疫苗接种致ADR的发生原因较多,临床应加以重视,接种时和接种后都应密切监测,以减少ADR的发生并利于及时抢救。

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the general characteristics and regularity ot adverse drug reactions t, ADKs） induced lay hepatitis B vaccine, and to provide reference for the study of hepatitis B vaccine-induced ADR. METHODS： ADR cases induced by hepatitis B vaccine reported in CNKI from 1979 to 2014 were retrieved and analyzed statistically. RESULTS： 185 standard literatures were retrieved, involving a total of 445 cases. In these statistical cases, 31.36% ADR occurred in 0-1 years old children, with high proportion; most ADR occurred within 1 h after medication. Plasma derived hepatitis B vaccine mainly induced allergic reactions, up to 31.15% ; recombinant hepatitis B vaccine mainly induced the reaction of vaccination, accounting for 34.52% ; 7.47 % were allergic reaction. CONCLUSIONS： ADRs induced by hepatitis B vaccine might be resulted from many factors, which should be given fully attention in the clinic. ADRs monitoring should be strengthened during and after vaccination in order to re- duce the occurrence of ADR and rescue timely.