马克思人本思想中的生态学意义及其我国实践

The Significance of Ecology in Marx's Humanism and Its Practice in China

马克思认为,人是自然界的一部分;社会是人同自然界的完成了的本质的统一,共产主义社会就是人与自然的和谐统一;人化的自然就是使自然界成为真正的属人的自然界;人的需要的实现总是以自然尺度为基础的社会尺度与自然尺度的统一;人创造环境,环境也创造人,人与自然的和谐统一为人的全面发展奠定了基础。依据马克思的这些思想,社会发展应建立起以人为本的人与环境和谐相处的生态文明,这不仅是人存在和发展的客观要求与必然选择,也是社会文明的现实体现。社会主义作为人类社会迈向更高形态的必经之路,建设生态文明更是其题中应有之意。因此,认真总结和探究改革开放以来,我国生态文明建设的成果与亟待解决的问题,不仅有助于丰富和发展马克思人本思想,而且也有助于推动生态文明的建设步伐。

Marx said that human was a part of natural world, society was an essential unification of human and natural world, communism was a harmonious unity of them, the meaning of artificial natural was that made natural world become human natural world, the natural standard was the foundation of human needs realized with the unity of natural standard and social standard, human created environment and it was created by human too, their harmonious unity established foundation for the all-round development of people. According to Marx＇s thought, the society development must found ecological civilization with people-centric in harmonious unity of human and natural world, this is not only objective requirement and necessary choice, but also reality result of society civilization. Socialism is a necessary process for human society to higher stage, it must build ecological civilization. We conscientiously summary and study the achievement and problem of ecological civilization from our country reform and opening-up, would contribute to enrich and develop Marx＇s humanism, but also promote ecological civilization itself.