平菇培养基及其菌糠营养成分分析

Analysis of nutritional componets in Pleurotus culture medium and spent mushroom substrate

为研究平菇培养基及其菌糠营养成分构成情况,本试验采用国标法测定平菇培养基及其菌糠中的粗脂肪、粗蛋白质、粗纤维、水分和粗灰分的含量,并利用苯酚硫酸法、高效液相色谱法和气相色谱法分别分析样品中的多糖、氨基酸和脂肪酸。结果表明:与平菇培养基相比,菌糠中粗蛋白质与粗多糖含量分别提高了9.40%和468.48%(P<0.01或P<0.05),粗纤维与粗脂肪含量分别降低了56.54%和22.65%(P<0.01或P<0.05),氨基酸总含量由1.99%增加到2.45%,不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸由2.2降低至2.1。由此可见,在平菇生长过程中培养基营养成分一定程度得到改善,在饲料生产上有较好的应用前景。

The nutritional components of pleurotus culture medium and spent mushroom substrate were studied in the mushroom plant,in order to provide the scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization of spent mushroom substrate. Methods：The crude fat,crude protein,crude fiber,moisture,and ash from mushroom culture medium and spent mushroom substrate were determined by national standard methods.While the polysaccharides,amino acids,and fatty acids of the samples were evaluated by phenol-sulfuric acid method, high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and gas chro- matography （GC）,respectively.Results showed that：the content of total protein and polysaccharides in the spent mushroom substrate were significantly increased by 9.40% and 468.48% （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05） ,the total fiber and crude fat were significantly decreased by 56.54% and 22.65% （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05）.The total quantity of amino acid was increased from 1.99% to 2.45%.The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid was reduced from 2.2 to 2.1.During the growth of pleurotus ,the nutritional components of culture medium improved dramatically.The spent mushroom substrate could be good ingredient of livestock fodder.