膨胀珍珠岩/硬泡聚氨酯复合材料改性及物理性能的研究

Research on the Modification and Physical Properties of Expanded Perlite / Hard Foam Polyurethane Composite Material

为了将膨胀珍珠岩和硬泡聚氨酯两种不同的保温材料复合,首先需要对其进行改性,利用硅烷偶联剂KH550对膨胀珍珠岩颗粒进行表面处理,得到活性聚氨酯填充骨料。根据国内外相关规范,测定了成型保温板件的密度、抗压强度、导热系数等物理力学性能。随着膨胀珍珠岩添加量的增加,复合保温材料的密度及抗压强度都有很大的提高。当掺入不同类别的膨胀珍珠岩时,发现粒径较大的膨胀珍珠岩对复合材料抗压性能的提高优于粒径较小的,而在导热系数方面两者却相反。通过上述实验得出了膨胀珍珠岩掺入量以及加入不同种类膨胀珍珠岩对复合材料各性能的影响,通过实验结果确定最终优选方案。将上述两种材料复合,以合理的配比达到共同发挥两种材料各自的优势的目的,此种新型保温材料具有广泛的应用前景。

Expanded perlite and hard foam polyurethane should be modified first with purpose to composite these two insulation materials. With silane coupling agent KH550,reactive polyurethane filler aggregate was obtained by surface treatment of expanded perlite particles. The density,compressive strength and coefficient of thermal conductivity of insulation board forming parts were tested based on domestic related standards. As additive amount of expanded perlite increased,both the density and compressive strength of composite insulation material achieved a great improvement. As introducing different categories,large-diameter expanded perlites are superior to improve the compressive properties but inferior on the thermal conductivity compared to small size. The experiments above revealed that the properties of composite materials are influenced by additive amount and category of expanded perlite,and an optimized scheme is obtained finally based on these results. A moderate ration for two components can be introduced to obtain composite materials that possess their own advantages respectively. The new thermal insulation material should be applied broadly in the further.