新型城镇化背景下的中国乡村转型与复兴

CHINA'S RURAL TRANSFORMATION AND REVIVAL IN THE CONTEXT OF NEW URBANIZATION

国家新型城镇化战略的提出,为中国乡村的转型与发展提供了一个崭新的背景。本文总结了日韩乡村转型的基本过程,剖析了拉美国家城镇化没有实现城乡协同而陷入中等收入陷阱的经验教训,进而指出乡村的发展逻辑并非是一个由工业化与城镇化主导语境下所定义的不断追赶城市的"线性发展过程"。结合当前中国快速城镇化背景下的乡土情绪的回潮,从尺度和功能两个维度,揭示了新型城镇化背景下中国乡村的三重价值,并据此提出了中国"乡村复兴"的框架。"十三五"规划需要在新的思维下进行乡村发展政策的总体设计,随着未来中国城镇化红利的不断释放,乡村应当成为重要的受益者。建议在规划空间管制、市场要素活化、多元乡村治理等方面入手,实现乡村的复兴与可持续发展。

Thanks to the recently proposed new urbanization strategy, China＇s rural transformation enters a new stage of development. This paper summarizes the gains and losses during the process of the rural transformation in Japan, South Korea, and Latin American countries. Based on that, it points out that rural development is not always following a linear logic for catching up with urban development as defined in the context dominated by industrialization and urbanization. Then from the two dimensions of scale and function, it reveals three rural values in contemporary China, based on which it comes up with the concept of ＂rural revival.＂ In the coming 13th Five-Year Plan period, an comprehensive rural development policy should be made based on the new concept to achieve the objective that rural areas should be beneficiaries with the release of the dividends of China＇s urbanization. To realize rural revival and a sustainable development, the paper suggests that attention should be paid to rural planning regulation, market factor activation, multi-actor rural governance, and so on.