P38αMAPK在雌性生殖系统中的研究进展

P38αMAPK in the Female Reproductive System

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinases,MAPK)是真核生物长期进化过程中高度保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,MAPK在许多生物中发挥着重要作用,包括细胞生长、分化、凋亡、炎症反应、细胞骨架重排及应激刺激等。P38MAPK是其中重要的一个亚家族,其中P38α是P38MAPK中最重要的亚型,在雌性生殖系统中有着重要的作用。卵巢在受到体内激素或者外界因素等信号刺激时,通过激活P38αMAPK信号通路,表达各种细胞调控因子以调控颗粒细胞活动及卵母细胞减数分裂,进而影响生殖细胞的生长发育。激活颗粒细胞中P38αMAPK信号通路可以调控激素分泌及相关细胞因子的释放,从而有助于卵母细胞的成熟;P38αMAPK可能参与了卵母细胞的减数分裂过程,下调P38α的表达,可能导致成熟卵母细胞数目减少或者非整倍体卵母细胞的产生。

Mitogen-activated protein kinases（MAPK）, a kind of serine/threonine protein kinases conserved highly in long-term evolution of eukaryotes, play important roles in many organisms, including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, cytoskeletal rearrangement and stress stimulation. P38MAPK is an important member of MAPK family, meanwhile P38α is the most important subtype of P38MAPK. It plays some important roles in the female reproductive system. When ovary was stimulated by internal hormones or external factors, the P38αMAPK signaling pathway was activated. After that, a variety of cellular factors were expressed, which regulated the growth and development of germ cells by regulating the granulosa cell development and oocyte meiotic events. Activating the P38αMAPK pathways of granulosa cell can regulate its secretion of hormones and cytokines,which contribute to the oocyte maturation. Since P38αMAPK may be involved in the process of oocyte meiosis, the downregulation of P38α may result in the reduced number of maturational oocytes or the aneuploid oocytes.