2009-2013年陕西省手足口病流行病学及病原学特征分析

Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shaanxi Province,2009-2013

目的 分析2009-2013年陕西省手足口病流行特征及病原体型别。方法 从疾病监测信息报告管理系统中获取2009-2013年陕西省手足口病疫情资料,运用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2009-2013年陕西省累计报告手足口病病例229903例,重症3071例,死亡108例。5岁以下儿童占病例总数的91.44%,散居儿童占病例总数的68.87%。发病高峰在4～7月,西安、渭南、咸阳是最主要的高发地区。全省累计报告实验室确诊病例6603例,其中普通病例4872例,重症1673例,死亡58例。实验室确诊病例中病原构成为肠道病毒71型（enterovirus71,EV71）、柯萨奇病毒A16型（coxsackievirus A16,CoxA16）和其他肠道病毒,分别占44.81%,18.87%和36.31%。普通病例与重症病例病原学构成不同（χ2=622.46,P〈0.001）。结论 5岁以下散居儿童是主要发病人群,病原学构成以EV7l、CoxA16为主,普通病例与重症病例病原学构成存在差异。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and etiological types of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Shaanxi Province, 2009 -2013. Methods The case-data of HFMD in Shaanxi Province during 2009 -2013 was collected from the Chinese National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System, and a descriptive epidemiologieal analysis was conducted. Results A total of 229 903 cases of HFMD were reported in Shaanxi from 2009 to 2013, inclu- ding 3 071 severe cases and 108 deaths. 91.44% cases were younger than 5 years. Scatteredly living children accounted for 68. 87% of the total cases. The peak of incidence was from April to July. The highest incidence was found in the regions of Xi＇ an, Weinan, and Xianyang of the province. A total of 6 603 cases of HFMD were laboratorily confirmed, including 4 872 common cases, 1 673 severe cases and 58 deaths. Enterovirus 71 （ EV71 ） , coxsaekie virus A16 （CoxA16） and oth- er enteroviruses （EV） accounted for 44. 81% , 18.87% and 36. 31% of laboratorily confirmed HFMD cases, respectively. The differences were statistically significant between common cases and severe cases （ X2 = 622.46, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclu- sions Seatteredly living children under the age of 5 years were the major population at risk. Both EV71 and CoxA16 were the major etiologic agents. The etiologic constituents were different between common cases and severe cases.