哈德逊湾体系与圣劳伦斯体系争夺北美毛皮资源的斗争

The Struggle over Fur Resources between the Hudson's Bay System and the St.Lawrence River System in North America

哈德逊湾公司所代表的海湾体系和蒙特利尔商人所代表的圣劳伦斯河流体系之间争夺内陆毛皮资源的斗争,是北美西部毛皮贸易发展的一条主线。直到1821年西北公司并入哈德逊湾公司以后,双方的争夺才最终结束。海湾体系与河流体系的争夺不仅把北美毛皮贸易的边疆推进到太平洋岸边,也为日后北美西部的发展奠定了基础。

The fierce competition between the Hudson Bay system chaired by the Hudson＇ s Bay Company and the St. Lawrence River system controlled under the Montreal fur trade syndicate had begun ever since the incorporation of the HBC in 1670. And only after the Northwest Company had been absorbed by the HBC in 1821 ,did this long lasting competition finally end. The competition between the two systems had not only pushed the fur trade frontier to the coast of the Pacific, settled the mode of the whole business,but also had deeply influenced the Western exploitation of North America in the future.