空气质量与城镇化质量协调关系研究——基于全国73个主要城市的数据

Coordination between Air Quality and Urbanization Quality: Based on the Data of 73 Major Cities in China

在快速城市化进程中,空气质量和城镇化质量问题成为当前全民关注的焦点。基于《中国城镇化质量报告》对全国城市城镇化质量的评价结果和按新环境空气质量标准测度的全国73个主要城市的环境空气质量综合指数,通过协调度计算公式计算二者的协调度,对73个主要城市的空气质量与城镇化质量的协调水平进行评价。结果表明:(1)我国目前的空气质量问题不容乐观,绝大部分城市的空气质量不达标;(2)东南沿海地区的城镇化质量优于中西部地区,73个城市的城镇化率和城镇化质量总体上匹配良好;(3)大部分城市的空气质量与城镇化质量的协调水平处于中度协调和勉强协调,在空间分布上呈现以京津冀地区为圆心的环状分布,越接近圆心协调度越差;(4)空气质量指数和城镇化质量指数相关关系不强,73个城市的空气质量与城镇化质量匹配度较低。

In the process of rapid urbanization, the problems of air quality and urbanization quality become the focus of the attention. The coordination formula was introduced to calculate the coordinated degree between air quality index and urbanization quality index based on the urbanization quality index from China＇s Urbanization Quality Report and the air quality comprehensive index from China＇s Air Quality Report 2013. Then this paper analyzed the coordination between air quality and urbanization quality of 73 major cities in China. The result shows： Firstly, the air problem of China was serious, and the vast majority of cites＇ air quality failed to reach the expected standard. Secondly, the urbanization quality of cities in Southeastern coastal areas were better than the Midwest regional cities＇, and the urbanization rate and urbanization quality of 73 cities matched up well on the whole. Thirdly, most cities＇ coordination grade is moderate coordination or farfetched coordination, and the spatial distribution of 73 major cities＇ coordination grades presented a circle with the center of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the closer to the center the worse coordination degreeis. Finally, the correlativity of air quality index and urbanization quality index was not strong, and the 73 cities＇ air quality and urbanization quality does not matched very well.