农户参与横向分工：测度及其比较--来自广东的农户问卷

Farmers, Participation in Horizontal Division：Measure and Comparison -A Questionnaire from Farmers in Guangdong

农业的专业化是农业经营方式转变的重要方面。文章阐述了农户参与横向分工与专业化的主要方式和决定机理，构建了农户种植业分工与专业化的指标，并基于广东省农户的问卷调查，对农户种植业横向专业化的影响因素进行了测度、分析和比较，得出：粮食的专业化程度受土地规模的影响较大，较高的专业化程度须匹配较大规模，即较大的种植面积和相对较少的地块数；蔬菜的专业化程度受土地规模的影响较小，而农业劳动力的弱质化对其影响亦不是很大；水果花卉受土地规模、市场销售、劳动力弱质化、资本投入、村庄交通条件等的影响较大。

The specialization of agriculture is an important aspect in the change of agricultural management. This paper expounds the main mode and decision mechanism of farmer ＇ s participation in the horizontal division of labor and specialization and builds the index of farmers planting division of labor and specialization. Based on the questionnaire of Guangdong province, this paper measures, analyzes and compares the influencing factors of farmer＇s planting horizontal specialization. The result shows that the specialization degree of grain is greatly influenced by land scale, higher degree specialization shall be matched with larger scale, that is, larger planting areas and comparably smaller land fields. Specialization degree of vegetables is slightly influenced by land scale, while weakness of agricultural labors is not influenced by it. Fruits and flowers are largely affected by land scale, market, labor weakness, capital investment, transportation in villages. Therefore, this paper puts forward some relevant suggestions.