基于村级尺度的湖北武陵民族地区贫困现状及影响因素研究

Research on Present Situation and Affecting Factors of Poverty Based on Village Scale in Wuling Ethnic Areas of Hubei Province

通过整体描述湖北武陵民族地区行政村贫困总体现状,运用线性回归模型对贫困村的贫困发生率及因病因灾返贫率的影响因素进行实证检验,结果发现:少数民族人口率对贫困发生率具有显著正向影响,对返贫率不具有影响;劳动力文盲、半文盲率对二者具有显著正向影响;劳动力输出率对贫困发生率具有负向影响,而对返贫率有正向影响;有文化活动室率及有卫生室率对贫困发生率具有显著负向影响,有文化活动室率对返贫率没有影响,而有卫生室率对返贫率有显著负向影响;通自来水率及通油路率对贫困发生率有显著负向影响;通油路率及通电率对返贫率没有影响。据此,提出推进湖北武陵民族地区扶贫开发事业发展的对策建议:加大教育投资力度,提升民族人口综合素质;完善劳务输出战略,增强贫困人口反贫脱贫能力;因时因地因村制宜,完善民族地区人口扶贫方案;加快基础设施建设,推动村级社会事业发展;建立村级贫困数据库,形成扶贫事业新局面。

The article described the overall poor situation of administrative villages in Wuling ethnic areas of Hubei province,and used the linear regression model to make empirical test to affecting factors of the poverty incidence and re-poverty-stricken rate. Results showed that minority population rate positive effects on incidence of poverty obviously and no effect on re-poverty-stricken rate. The labor illiteracy and half illiteracy rates had significant positive effects on both of them. Labor output rate had negative effect on poverty rate; the but positive effects on repoverty-stricken rate. The rate of culture activity room and clinic had significant negative influences on poverty rate; the rate of cultural activity room had no effect on repoverty-stricken rate yet the clinic rate had significant negative influences on it. Furthermore, the rate of tap water and asphalt road had great negative effects on poverty rate; but the rate of asphalt road and electricity had no effect on repoverty-stricken rate. Accordingly, suggestions on promoting the poverty alleviation and development of Wuling ethnic areas were proposed as follows,increasing investment in education to raise comprehensive quality of resident＇s population; improving the labor export strategy and enhancing their capacities of anti-poverty; adjusting measures to local conditions and improving the population plan of poverty alleviation in ethnic areas;establishing database of village-level poverty to form a new poverty alleviation situation.