益生菌应用于早产儿的有效性及安全性

Efficacy and safety of probiotics applied to preterm infants

关于益生菌在早产儿中的应用近年来逐渐成为研究热点。不少高级别的临床研究指出:益生菌对预防严重(Ⅱ级以上)坏死性小肠结肠炎和降低综合因素导致的死亡有显著效果,但对于改善晚发性败血症、院内感染、喂养不耐受等疾病证据尚不充分。益生菌应用于早产儿有较高的安全性,但具体适用人群、疗程、剂量等问题仍需进一步探索。

The supplementation of probiotics in preterm infants has become a hot topic in recent years. Numbers of high quality clinical researches have shown that probiotics significantly reduce the incidence of severe NEC （stage Ⅱ or more） and rate of multi-factor induced mortality. But the evidence about the effect of probiotics on late onset sepsis, nosoeomial infection, feeding intolerance, etc, is insufficient. Though using probiotics in preterm infants is generally safe, and issues bike applicable population, duration, dose, etc, need further study.