煤层爆破地震波传播特征实验研究

Experimental Study on Propagation Characteristics of Coal Blasting Seismic Wave

为了研究高应力作用下具有冲击特性的爆破地震波传播特征,利用YDD16煤岩动力灾害声电监测仪对煤体卸压爆破产生的地震波信号进行了现场测试,并对采集到的信号进行了时域和频域上的分析。将煤岩体抽象成Maxwell粘弹性体,推导了地震波在Maxwell粘弹性体中传播特征。实验结果表明:地震波主频率随着传播距离的增加呈现幂级递减;在单一煤层中,地震波主频率是影响地震波波速幅值衰减系数变化的主要原因,且与主频率存在良好的正相关;地震波振幅随距离的增加呈幂级递减,且衰减速率呈现出较为明显的先增大后减小的现象。

To study the propagation characteristics of impactive blasting seismic wave in a single coal seam under high stress, the seismic signal test was carried out for coal unloading blasting using YDD16, and the collected signals in time domain and frequency domain was analyzed. Coal and rock mass was abstracted into Maxwell viscoelastic body, and the propagation characteristics of seismic wave in Maxwell viscoelastic body were deduced. The results show that, dominant frequency of seismic decreases exponentially as the propagation distance increases; in the single coal seam, the main reason for the variation of seismic wave amplitude attenuation coefficient is the seismic dominant frequency, which are positively correlated; as the distance increases, seismic amplitude decreases exponentially, and the attenuation rate first increases and then decreases.