农村社会流动研究综述——兼论中国农村社会流动

A General Research of the Social Mobility in Rural Areas——Along with the Study of the Social Mobility in the Chinese Rural Areas

社会流动对于社会的发展和变迁具有重大意义,正常的社会流动对于一个社会的稳定有着极其重要的作用。改革开放以来,我国农村社会流动得到了迅速发展,其发展现状表现为:向上流动趋势明显,但受到阻隔;水平流动速度加快;向下流动状况时有发生。通过总结当今学者对农村社会流动的研究成果,认为中国农村社会流动存在三种基本的发展趋势,即教育对社会流动的影响逐渐加强,农村青年成为流动主体,农村精英流出现象严重。

Social mobility is of great significance for the development and change of society,and normal social mobility takes an important role in social stability.Since the reform and opening,the rural social mobility in China has been rapidly developed.The current situation is as follows：Upward trend is obvious,but it is cut off;Horizontal flow is speeding;sometimes downward flow appears.The author summarizes the research achievements in rural social mobility and comes to the conclusion that there are three basic trends about the development of China’s rural social mobility：the influence of education on social mobility is more and more important;Rural youth has become the main body in the social mobility;The rural elites outflow is growing.