煤矿事故特点与煤矿通信、人员定位及监视新技术

Characteristics of coal mine accidents and new technologies of coal mine communication,personnel positioning and monitoring

分析了2009—2013年全国煤矿较大及以上瓦斯、水害和顶板事故特点:发生在采掘工作面事故最多,事故起数和死亡人数分别占78.54%和78.80%。提出移动通信、广播通信、救灾通信系统不宜用作矿井应急通信系统;矿井透地通信系统可用作矿井应急通信系统,但性价比低。提出将矿用有线调度通信系统用作矿井应急通信系统,具有性价比高的优点:将电缆埋入巷帮与底板夹角处;将井下电话机设置在硐室内,并加强防护;减少电缆接头,提高电缆接续的防水性能。分析了煤矿井下"智慧线"通信存在的问题:无中继传输距离短;本质安全型防爆制约供电距离;不能用于大容量主干传输;易发生短路等故障;外护套不耐爆等。

The paper analyzed characteristics of gas,water and roof accidents of coal mine during 2009-2013,obtained numbers of accidents and deaths accounted for 78.54% and 78.80%respectively at mining working face of the most accidents.It put forward mobile communication,broadcast communication and rescue communication system should not be used as mine emergency communication system,and throughthe-earth communication system could be used as mine emergency communication system with low performance-price ratio.It proposed wired dispatching communication system used as mine emergency communication system has advantage of high performance-price ratio.In the wired dispatching communication system,cable should be buried under laneway sidewall crossover with roadway floor,underground telephone should be set in chamber with stronger protection,and cable joint should be reduced and waterproof performance of the cable joint should be improved.It analyzed problems of wisdom line communication in underground coal mine,which include short transmission distance without repeater,power supply distance restricted by intrinsic safety and explosion-proof,easily occurs short-circuit fault,and it cannot be used for backbone transmission with large capacity and its outer sheath is not resistant to explosion.