精神分裂症患者复发因素的研究

A Study of the Factors Leading to Schizophrenic Recurrence

目的探讨精神分裂症患者复发的相关因素。方法采用自行设计的精神分裂症患者一般情况调查表和社会支持评定量表对2012年1月-2013年1月在贵州省第二人民医院治疗好转满1年的97例精神分裂症患者进行随访评估。结果患者的病程、自知力、是否有残留症状、药物副反应、应激因素、服药依从性、家庭支持均对精神分裂症复发有影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在社会支持评定中,复发组的客观支持、主观支持、主观利用度得分及总分均低于非复发组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论病程长、服药依从性差、有应激因素、有残留症状、自知力缺失、有药物副反应、家庭及社会支持薄弱的精神分裂症患者容易复发。

Objective To discuss relevant factors about the schizophrenic recurrence. Method To adopt self-designed general state survey form and social support appraisal scale to conduct assessment-upon-visit of 97 cases of schizophrenics one full year since they have recovered from their treatment at the Second People＇s Hospital of Guizhou Province from January 2012 to January 2013. Results Factors such as the patients＇ course of disease, ability of self-cognition, status of lingering symptoms, side effects of medication, stress factors, Tnedication compliance, and family support all had influences on the recurrence of schizophrenia, and the differences had statistical significance （P〈0.05）. On social support appraisal, the recurrence group scored lower across the board than the non-recurrence group in objective support score, subjective support score, subjective utilization degree, and overall score, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Schizophrenics with long course of disease, low medication compliance, occurrences of stress factors, lingering symptoms, and medical side effects, lack of self-cognitive ability, and weak family and social support are prone to schizophrenic recurrence.