美国的住房状况与住房政策

Housing Condition and Housing Policies of the USA

通过整理2009和2011年美国住房调查数据,本文分析了美国的住房状况和住房政策,指出美国住房发展的核心问题不是总量缺乏,而是社会支付能力不足。本文在全面分析美国各项住房政策的基础上,描述了美国联邦和地方政府运用税收减免、公共住房建设、租房券资助、财政补贴和包容性区划等多种手段,体现出政策设计的组合与互补。最后,本文提出为了有针对性地制定住房政策,我国应当开展详尽的大规模住房状况调查,并根据实际情况组合运用各项住房发展政策。

On the basis of 2009 and 2011 American housing survey data, this article analyses the housing condition and housing policies of the United States, and points out that the key problem of American housing development is not due to the lack of gross housing units, but due to the insufficient social affordability. Then the article describes how the federal and local governments combine all types of housing policies to alleviate the housing problems. At last, the article suggests that China should launch elaborate housing survey, and then draw up housing polices accordingly.