乳香剂对荷斯坦母犊采食量、日增重和健康状况的影响

The Effect of Milk Aroma Flavor on the Starter Consumption,Growth and Health in Female Holstein Dairy Calves

本试验旨在研究乳香剂对母犊采食、增重和健康状况的影响。将44头荷斯坦母犊随机均分为2组,分别为试验组和对照组,每组22头,2个重复。对照组按常规方式饲喂不添加乳香剂,试验组在开食料中添加2.0 g/kg的乳香剂。试验期为4周,第二周末断奶。每天记录采食量、腹泻和发热情况,每周称重1次。结果显示:试验期的第一、二、三、四周试验组的日平均采食量比对照组分别高23.1%(P>0.05)、32.6%(P>0.05)、30.3%(P>0.05)、19.9%(P<0.05),整个试验期试验组的日平均采食量比对照组高28.9%(P>0.05);试验第二、三、四周试验组日增重比对照组分别高12.5%(P>0.05)、37.8%(P<0.05)、33.4%(P<0.01),整个试验期试验组日增重比对照组高18.3%(P<0.05);断奶后2周试验组和对照组的饲料增重比分别为2.4和2.6;试验期间试验组与对照组母犊腹泻头数比为2∶5,发热头数比为1∶2。结果说明在母犊开食料中添加乳香剂(2 g/kg)具有提高采食量、日增重和降低饲料增重比的效果,并且可以缓解断奶前后的腹泻和发热情况。

In order to investigate the effect of the milk aroma flavor on Starter Consumption （SC）, growth and health in female Holstein dairy calves, 44 calves were randomly assigned into 2 groups. The calves in two groups were fed 2 g/ kg·d and 0 g/kg·d respectively. The experiment lasted four weeks and calves weaned at the end of the second week. SC was recorded daily and each calf weighed weekly,the diarrhea and pyrexia were investigated during the experiment. The result indicated SC of calves fed flavor increased by 23.1% （P〉0.05）, 32.6% （P〉0.05）, 30.3% （P〉 0.05）, 19.9% （P〈0.05） respectively in Week 1, 2, 3, 4 and 28.9% （P〉0.05） during the whole experiment. Calves feed flavor gained more 12.5%（P〉0.05）, 37.8%（P〉0.05）, 33.4%（P〈0.01） weight than the calves restricted to flavor respectively in Week 2, 3, 4 and 18.3%（P〈0.05）during the whole experiment. The ration of starter consumption to weight gain was 2.4 and 2.6 respectively for calves fed and restricted to flavor from Week 3 to Week 4. In the experiment calves got less diarrhea and pyrexia when feed milk aroma flavor. The conclusion is that milk aroma flavor can improve SC and Average Daily Gain （ADG） when added into starter. Milk aroma flavor also tended to decrease the ration of SC to weight gain and relieve diarrhea and pyrexia in female Holstein dairy calves.