吸烟归因遗传认知与戒烟成功关系

Association between attributing smoking to genetic causes and successful smoking cessation

目的 探讨吸烟归因遗传认知与戒烟成功的关系,为制定控烟干预措施提供理论依据。方法 采用以社区人群为基础的病例对照研究,对山东省17个行政村中≥18岁男性居民进行现况调查,以其中642名戒烟成功者为病例组,700名戒烟失败者为对照组,分析吸烟归因遗传认知与戒烟成功的关系,并评价吸烟归因遗传认知对拒烟自我效能及尼古丁依赖的影响。结果 在调整年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况等潜在混杂因素后,吸烟归因遗传认知阳性对戒烟成功有显著的负性影响（OR=0.642,95%CI=0.479~0.859）;吸烟归因遗传认知阳性者与阴性者比较,吸烟归因遗传认知阳性者积极情境拒烟自我效能、消极情境拒烟自我效能、习惯情境拒烟自我效能得分和拒烟自我效能总分分别为（2.397±0.023）、（2.319±0.030）、（3.060±0.026）和（2.592±0.022）分,均低于吸烟归因遗传认知阴性者的（2.730±0.051）、（2.812±0.065）、（3.615±0.058）和（3.052±0.049）分,尼古丁依赖得分为（3.447±0.080）分,高于吸烟归因遗传认知阴性者的（2.168±0.174）分（均P〈0.001）。结论 吸烟归因遗传认知是戒烟成功的危险因素,并可降低吸烟者知觉控制水平。

Objective To examine whether attributing smoking to genetic causes is associated with successful smoking cessation. Methods A community-based case-control study was conducted with 642 adult successful smoking quitters as the cases and 700 adult failed quitters as the controls. Logistic regression was used to examine the effect of at- tributing smoking to genetic causes on successful smoking cessation. Linear regression was performed to explore the im- pact of attributing smoking to genetic causes on the perceived control over smoking and nicotine dependence. Results After adjusting the potential confounders as age, education, and marital status, attributing smoking to genetic cause had significantly negative effect on the successful smoking cessation （ odds ratio = 0. 642,95 % confidence interval： 0. 479 - 0. 859 ）. Smokers who viewed heredity as the cause of their smoking had significantly lower level of perceived control over their smoking and higher level of nicotine dependence than those who did not, with the adjusted mean and its stand- ard error of 2. 592 ± 0. 022 vs. 3. 052 ± 0. 049 and 3. 447 ± 0. 080 vs. 2. 168 ± 0. 174, respectively （ all P 〈 0. 001 ）. Con- clusion Attributing smoking to genetic causes is a risk factor for successful smoking cessation and perceived control over smoking, and an enhancing factor for nicotine dependence and needs to be concerned in future smoking cessation in- terventions.