微创心脏外科手术

Minimally invasive cardiac surgery

微创心脏手术正在经历快速演变。几十年来,瓣膜手术通常都是通过使用体外循环全胸骨切开在心脏停搏下来进行。在过去的十年中,这个基本的模式已部分向微创心脏外科转变。微创心脏外科包括了诸多的外科治疗技术,目前比较统一、公认可以开展的微创心脏外科手术有不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植手术、胸部小切口心脏手术如部分胸骨切开或右胸小切口的瓣膜和先天性心脏病手术和介入方法在心脏外科中的应用如经皮、经主动脉和经心尖的主动脉瓣膜手术。

Minimally invasive cardiac surgery is in the midst of undergoing rapid evolution. For several decades, valve surgery consisted of replacement of a diseased valve with a mechanical or biologic prosthesis by way of a full sternotomy using cardiopulmonary bypass, performed on a cardioplegia arrested heart. During the past decade, this fundamental paradigm has shifted to now encompass preferential valve repair instead of replacement, alternate minimal access incisions, on-pump beating heart techniques, off-pump valve repair devices, robotics, and transcatheter valve devices, multiple combinations and permutations of these approaches abound.