深圳市宝安区孕前保健现状及需求调查

The investigation of current situation and requirement of preconception care in Baoan district of Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市宝安区孕前保健现状及需求情况。方法将2013年1月至2014年1月深圳宝安区首次到宝安区计划生育专科医院和松岗人民医院做产前检查的孕妇1 080例作为调查对象。采用问卷及访谈的方式进行调查,分析调查对象孕前保健现状及需求。结果收回有效问卷1 038份,1 038名孕妇中仅有37.19%(386/1038)参加过孕前保健;文化程度高者的孕前保健参与率高于文化程度低者(P<0.05);调查对象中有76.49%(794/1038)听说过孕前保健,但大部分人对内容了解不全面;孕前叶酸服用率34.10%(354/1038),正确服用率仅为6.78%(24/354)。获取孕前保健知识的途径依次为朋友或同事、网络、社区宣传、医疗机构。希望获取知识的途径依次为网络媒体宣传、社区宣教、医疗机构。在接受孕前保健服务医疗机构选择上,依次为妇幼保健院或妇幼专科医院、社区医院、综合医院。结论深圳宝安区孕前保健的参与率、认知度、依从性较低,叶酸服用率低且不规范;孕前保健知识培训及服务形式、内容需要进一步加强;相关医疗卫生机构应提高水平以满足围孕妇女孕前保健需求。

Objective To explore current situation and requirement of preconception care in Baoan district of Shenzhen. Methods A total of 1 080 primiparas conducted prenatal examination in the Family Planning Specialist Hospital of Shenzhen Baoan District and Songgang People＇s Hospital from Jan 2013 to Jan 2014 were selected. Interview and questionnaire were used to analyze the current situation and requirement of preconception care among respondents. Results 1 038 valid questionnaires were retrieved, only 37.19% （386/1038） primiparas had participated in preconception care. The preconception care rate of respondents with high education degree was higher than that of respondents with low education degree （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. 76.49% （ 794/1038 ） respondents had heard of preconception care, while most of them didn＇ t comprehensive understand the content. 34.10% （354/1038） respondents had taken folio acid supplements in progestation, but the correct use rate was only 6.78% （24/354）. The priorities of approaches to acquire knowledge were friends and colleagues, network, community outreach and medical institutions. The priorities of expecting approaches to acquire knowledge were online media, community outreach and medical institutions. The priorities of medical institution choice were maternal and child health care or women Is and children ~s hospital, community hospitals and comprehensive hospital. Conclusion The participation rate, cognition degree, compliance of preconception care and folic acid use rate are low in Baoan district of Shenzhen. It is imperative to improve the knowledge training on preconception care as well as the forms and contents of the services. The institution should improve service levels to meet the requirements of preconception care.