天津市重点场所室内空气PM2.5及尼古丁调查

Hygienic survey about indoor PM2.5 and air nicotine in main public places in Tianjin

目的了解天津市重点室内场所二手烟暴露情况,为促进《天津市控制吸烟条例》实施提供数据支持。方法于2012年12月—2013年2月在天津市7个区5类(医疗卫生机构、政府办公机构、公共交通等候场所、餐饮场所以及酒吧)44个场所进行了室内空气PM2.5监测,并在其中的10个场所进行了空气尼古丁浓度监测。结果餐饮场所的PM2.5浓度中位数在所监测的不同类型场所中最高,为156.0μg/m3,其次为酒吧;而其他场所的男卫生间二手烟暴露较严重,医疗卫生机构为129.5μg/m3,政府办公机构为102.0μg/m3,公共交通等候场所为116.0μg/m3;PM2.5浓度与场所内正在燃烧的香烟数量之间呈正相关(rs=0.281,P<0.05);空气尼古丁浓度与PM2.5浓度呈正相关(rs=0.553,P<0.05)。结论本次调查的天津市重点场所室内二手烟暴露仍处于较高水平,需要采取更加有针对性的措施减少二手烟暴露,保护公众免受其危害。

Objectives To know the situation of secondhand smoking exposure in main public places in Tianjin and provide the scientific data for improving the implementation of Tianjin Smoke-free Law. Methods PM2.5 was monitored for 30 min in 44 sites of 5 kinds of public places including hospitals, governments, waiting rooms for public transportation, restaurants and bars, from Dee. 2012 to Feb. 2013. Air nicotine concentrations were measured for 5-7 days in ten of them. Results PM2.5 concentration in restaurants was the highest among the five kinds of public plaees, was 156.0 μg/m3, the second was bars. The male washrooms in other places had higher PM2.5 than lobbies of them, and it was 129.5 μg/m3, 102.0 μg/m3 and 116.0 μg,/m3 in hospitals, governments and waiting rooms for public transportation respectively. Average PM2.5 concentrations were positively correlated （Spearman＇s correlation coefficient： 0.281, P〈0.05） with active smoking density. Air nicotine concentrations were strongly and positively correlated with PM2.5 concentrations （rs=0.553, P〈0.001）. Conclusion Passive smoking is still serious in Tianjin and it is need to take more targeted measures to reduce exposure to secondhand smoke.