氮肥运筹对机插水稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Machine-transplanted Rice

为探讨氮肥运筹对机插水稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响,以超级稻"盐丰47"为材料,进行了田间小区对比试验。结果表明,增加基蘖肥施入比例可促进水稻齐穗期干物质积累量的增加,增加穗肥施入比例可提高其齐穗后干物质积累量占子粒产量百分比与植株、子粒含氮率,促进穗粒数的增加与结实率、千粒重的稳定提高。在施氮量(N)18 kg/667 m2的前提下,基蘖穗肥比例20∶50∶30的处理获得最高单产762.1 kg/667 m2;其氮肥利用率为38.22%,比20∶65∶15、20∶35∶45、20∶80∶0处理分别增加0.90、2.00、5.50个百分点。

Field plot experiments were conducted with the super hybrid rice ＂Yanfeng 47＂ to study the effects of nitrogen application on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of machine-transplanted rice. The results showed that increasing the base tiller fertilizer proportion promoted the dry matter accumulation at full heading stage. Increasing the panicle fertilizer proportion enhanced the proportion of dry matter accumulation to grain yield after full heading stage, and increased the nitrogen content of plant and grain. Increasing the panicle fertilizer proportion enlarged the grain number per spike. Seed setting rate and 1 000 grain weight were increased. The ratio of the basal fertilizer： tiller fertilizer： panicle fertilizer being20∶50∶30 had the highest yield of 762.1 kg/667 m^2 under the nitrogen amount of 18 kg/667 m^2, with nitrogen use efficiency of38.22%, which was 0.90, 2.00 and 5.50 percent point higher than that of other treatments with ratio of 20∶65∶15, 20∶35∶45and 20∶80∶0, respectively.