无土育苗栽培技术对棉花黄萎病的控制作用及机理

Preventing the Occurrence of Cotton Verticillium wilt Using Soilless Cultivation Technique

棉花黄萎病是棉花的主要病害。对棉花黄萎病的防治也一直是一个难题。4年的大田试验表明,无土育苗对棉花黄萎病具有一定的防治效果,特别在由于气候原因引起的重病年份,对早期的发病有较好的抑制作用。但对后期发病的抑制效果并不明显。结果表明,无土育苗或无病土育苗技术控病的机理在于一方面因苗期一个月左右的时间没有接触到病菌,苗期的发病率低;另一方面,无土育苗推迟了棉花生育期从而避开发病高峰期,即通过推迟生育期达到避病的效果。

Cotton Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae is an important disease of cotton and its control is always an problem. Controlling cotton Verticillium wilt using a new cultivation technique soilless cultivation technique was studied. Results of four years of field trials showed that soilless cultivation technique was effective in controlling the diseases, especially for inhibiting early stage disease in severe incidence years. The mechanism of inhibiting diseases lied in that the absence of touching the pathogen in seeding stage reduced disease incidence rate. Soilless cultivation technique could avoid the peak incidence according to postponing growth period.