转基因食品引发的系统信任弱化及个体行动选择——基于上海市居民的调查研究

Reduction of System Trust and Individual's Action Selection Caused from Genetically Modified Food:Based on a Survey Study of Citizens in Shanghai

通过对上海市388份问卷调查及23个个案的访谈发现,在转基因食品风险下,公众对政府、专家的信任程度正在弱化;政府部门、专家学者和转基因厂商间的利益关涉,针对转基因食品专家系统内部的观点分歧,政府和专家系统决策过程的封闭性是引起系统信任弱化的主要因素。在系统信任弱化的情境下,公众采取了"自主决策"且"依赖传统"的双重行动策略:在自我决策、自主判断的基础上,公众期望通过选择传统天然食品来规避转基因食品蕴含的不确定性风险。要强化系统信任,应该加强对政府、专家的监督,提高公众的科学素养,建构开放性的政府及专家系统。

By a survey of 388 people and interviews with 23 people in Shanghai ,this article finds out that in the risk of genetically modified food（GMF） ,the public’s system trust is reducing .There are many factors causing this phenomenon ,such as interest entanglements among the government ,experts and GM F companies;different view s in expert systems and the closure of the government and expert systems .By analyzing these cases , this paper suggests that in the background of the reduction of system trust ,the public are inclined to take a double action strategy as deciding by themselves and relying on tradition . Not only deciding by themselves rationally , the public also expect to select traditional food to avoid the risk of GMF .In order to work out the crisis of system trust ,firstly ,social organizations should supervise the government and experts .Secondly ,the public ought to improve their scientific qualities .At last ,open system of the government and experts should be established .