股骨颈带侧孔空心钉添加骨水泥的生物力学实验探究

Biomechanics study on the femoral neck with side hole hollow nail combined with bone cement

目的探讨股骨颈带侧孔空心钉添加骨水泥对骨折愈合的促进效果。方法选取58具成人尸体股骨颈标本,依据最大轴向拔出力(F-max)进行实验分组,12个股骨颈在轴向正中钻孔后将空心钉直接置入,另12个股骨颈在轴向正中钻孔将聚甲基丙烯酸酯骨水泥输注后再置入带侧孔空心钉。进行拔出实验,对空心钉最大轴向的拔出力及周期抗屈实验过程中螺钉在松动时所能承受的最大负荷进行测定。结果注入PMMA骨水泥侧孔空心钉最大轴向力显著高于高于单纯空心钉最大轴向拔出力,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于髋部骨质疏松骨折来说,采用加入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯侧孔空心钉对骨折端进行固定,能够显著减少股骨头被穿透、脱落、松动的风险,从而提升了骨折端固定的稳定性,加速骨折愈合。

objective To study the healing effects by applying femoral neck with side hole hollow nail combined with bone cement for the promotion of fracture.Methods 58 adult femoral neck specimens were seletced based on the maximum axial pull output （F-Max） in experimental group, 12 femoral neck in bored after the hollow screw directly into the center of the axial, the other 12 femoral neck in the center of the axial drilling will polymethacrylate again after infusion of bone cement into side holes with hollow screw. To pull out the experiment, the hollow nail pulling power of the maximum axial and screw in the process of cycle resistance to bending experiment in loose could withstand the maximum load were determined.Results In PMMA bone cement injection hole hollow nail was signiifcantly higher than that of the maximum axial force ,which was higher than pure hollow nail maximum axial pull output, the difference was statistically signiifcant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion For hip osteoporosis fracture, the side holes by using methyl methacrylate hollow nail ifxed the fracture end, can signiifcantly reduce the risk of femoral head loose, falling off, and improve the stability of the ifxed the fracture end, accelerate fracture healing.