8Schmidt HG. Problem-based learning: rationale and description [J]. Med Educ, 1983 , 17 ( 1 ) : 11-16.
9Shreeve MW. Beyond the Didactic Classroom:Educational Models to Encourage Active Student Involvement in Learning[J]. J Chiro-pr Educ, 2008 , 22 ( 1 ) : 23-28.
10[4]Papa FJ,Harasym PH.Medical curriculum reform in North America,1765 to the present:a cognitive science perspective.Acad Med[J].1999; 74(2):154-164.