大河三角洲营养盐研究进展与启示——以阿斯旺建坝前后的尼罗河为例

Reviews on Nutrients Transportation Research of the World-class Big River——Taking an Example of the Post-Aswan Nile River

详细梳理了埃及阿斯旺建坝后尼罗河三角洲和近海营养盐研究成果,重点剖析了营养盐来源、分布规律和对渔业产生的生态效应.研究表明:在阿斯旺建坝初期,由于下泄营养盐减少,泻湖和近海的产鱼量明显降低;随着三角洲地区化学肥料的大量施用,产鱼量逐渐恢复,甚至高于建坝前,但是一些湖泊也出现了营养盐输入过高制约产鱼量的现象.埃及近海由于N、P输入增加,导致了部分水体出现磷限制,进而抑制初级生产力.针对我国三峡建坝、营养盐输送与长江河口生态环境响应,提出一些设想和今后应关注的研究方向.

The fertilizer use, N and P concentrations, fish landing, and its ecological effects were summarized in the delta lagoons and the sea in Egypt .In 1964, Aswan High Dam was completed and followed by the drastic declining in the fish landing of Egypt .Afterwards, a great amount of fertilizer use promoted the nutrients input including N , P into the four lagoons and adjacent sea , leading to the miraculous recovery of fish industry .In addition, some P-limita-tion scenarios can be observed in the adjacent sea due to the over input of P fertilization .At last, some suggestions on the nutrients research of Yangtze delta were forwarded considering the Three -Gorges Dam impoundment and its possible impact on the Yangtze estuarine .