中国—东盟水产品贸易竞争力研究

On the aquatic products trade competitiveness of China-ASEAN

东盟作为中国水产品贸易重要市场之一,在启动建立中国-东盟自由贸易区后,双方水产品贸易规模逐年攀升,极大地促进了水产品贸易的发展.借助TC指数,对2000 ～2013年间中国与东盟、中国与东盟各国及不同类别水产品贸易特征和竞争力优势情况进行了分析测算,得出以下结论：在2000 ～2013年间,中国出口东盟水产品贸易额增长了52倍,年均增长率为35.45％;034类、036类及037类的出口贸易额呈现了指数级的增长趋势,036类和034类的进口比例迅速攀升,占进口额的90％;中国与东盟水产品贸易整体竞争力呈现上升趋势;对马来西亚和新加坡具有较大的竞争力优势,TC指数平均值为0.75和0.64;037类产品最具有竞争力优势,TC指数均值为0.91.建议通过扩大中国水产品在东盟国家的贸易规模和优化水产品出口类别结构,进一步提高中国对东盟水产品贸易的竞争力.

ASEAN is an important market for Chinese aquatic products trade, the bilateral trade volume of aquatic products has increased steadily after the initiation of establishing the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, which also greatly promoted the development of aquatic products trade. The paper analyzed and estimated the trade features and competitive advantages of China-ASEAN, China-ASEAN countries and different types of aquatic products by TC index from 2000 to 2013. The main results were as follows： in the period of 2000- 2013, the aquatic products exports of China-ASEAN increased by 52 times, and the average annual growth rate reached 35.45% ; the export volume of 034, 036 and 037 class showed exponential growth trend, and the import volume of class 036 and 034 rose rapidly, the proportion was nearly 90% of the total import; the TC index of China-ASEAN aquatic trade showed upward trend; China showed greater competitive advantages than Malaysia and Singapore, and the average TC index was 0.75 and 0.64; the products of class 037 had the most competitive advantages, and TC index was 0.91. It is recommend to improve the competitiveness of Chinese aquatic trade through expanding the scale of Chinese aquatic products trade in the ASEAN countries and optimizing the export structure of aquatic products.