不确定性忍受力和元担忧在神经质人格与社交焦虑间起的作用

Neuroticism and social anxiety: Effects of intolerance of uncertainty and meta-worry

目的:了解大学生的社交焦虑与神经质人格的关系及不确定性忍受力和元担忧在其中所起的作用。方法:选取642名大学生,采用交往焦虑量表(IAS)和自我意识量表(SCS)的社交焦虑分量表测量社交焦虑、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)测量神经质人格,不确定性忍受力量表(IUS)测量不确定性忍受力,元担忧问卷(MWQ)测量元担忧,通过通径分析考察各变量之间的关系。结果:不同生源地的学生IAS得分差异有统计学意义,来自省会城市(45.9±8.4)、地级市(44.3±8.3)、县级市(43.6±8.2)、乡镇(43.4±7.8)、农村大学生(40.3±7.2)的IAS得分依次降低(P<0.001)。通径分析表明,不确定性忍受力、元担忧能直接预测交往焦虑(β=0.37、0.11)和社交焦虑(β=0.27、0.17),神经质人格通过元担忧、不确定性忍受力对交往焦虑和社交焦虑有间接效应。结论:大学生元担忧和无法忍受不确定性的水平越高,越容易引发交往焦虑和社交焦虑,而神经质人格正是通过元担忧和不确定性忍受力对社交焦虑和交往焦虑起着间接的作用,随着神经质程度的加重,交往焦虑和社交焦虑的程度会减轻。

Objective： To explore the relationship between social anxiety and neuroticism personality among college students and the effect of intolerance of uncertainty and meta-w orry. Methods： Totally 642 undergraduates w ere investigated in the survey by means of internet and paper. The Interaction Anxiousness Scale（ IAS）,Self Consciousness Scale（ SCS）,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire（ EPQ）,Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale（ IUS）,MetaWorry Questionnaire（ MWQ） w ere adopted in this research. The relationship among all variables w as explored by path analysis. Results： There w ere significant differences of IAS scores in prior residence place. The more prosperous the living places w ere,the higher the IAS scores in college students w ere [provincial capital：（ 45. 9 ± 8. 4）; prefecture-level city：（ 44. 3 ± 8. 3）; county-level city：（ 43. 6 ± 8. 2）; tow n：（ 43. 4 ± 7. 8）; countryside：（ 40. 3 ± 7. 3）; Ps 0. 001]. Path analysis show ed that intolerance of uncertainty and meta-w orry had direct effect on interaction anxiousness（ β = 0. 37,0. 11） and social anxiety（ β = 0. 27,0. 17）. The domain of neuroticism had indirect effect on interaction anxiousness and social anxiety through intolerance of uncertainty and meta-w orry. Conclusion： The high level of intolerance of uncertainty and meta-w orry could lead to a high level of interaction anxiousness and social anxiety. The domain of neuroticism also has indirect effect on interaction anxiousness and social anxiety through intolerance of uncertainty and meta-w orry. The degree of the interaction anxiousness and social anxiety w ould decrease w ith the level of neuroticism increasing.