不同类型城市森林的林下植物多样性研究

A study on the understory species diversity in various urban forests

【目的】研究广州市不同城市森林类型的林下植物丰富度和多样性,为广州市的城市森林人工林近自然经营以及生物多样性保护提供科学依据.【方法】2012年9—10月对广州市不同森林类型的城市森林林分结构进行样地调查,运用丰富度、多样性、均匀度等指标分析不同森林类型林下植物多样性.【结果和结论】天然次生林林下植物丰富度较高,样方内共有林下植物71种,隶属于46科60属;人工林林下植物相对较少,样方内共有林下植物31种,隶属于25科31属;正在逐步改造的人工林林下植物也相对较少,样方内共有林下植物31种,隶属于17科30属.由此可见,天然林较人工林而言,植物物种丰富度高,群落结构相对复杂,森林景观层次丰富,因此,广州市的城市森林人工林近自然化经营意义重大.

【Objective】Species richness and diversity of understory plants of different types in urban forests of Guangzhou were studied,with an aim to provide the scientific basis for close-to-nature management of plantation and biodiversity conservation.【Method】Plots were set up to survey the stand structure in different types of urban forests of Guangzhou from September to October in 2012. Understory species richness,diversity and evenness index were used to study the species diversity of different types of urban forests.【Result and conclusion】The results showed that the understory species were the richest in natural forests（ 71 species）,which belonged to 46 families and 60 genera,followed by those of plantation（ 31species）,which belonged to 25 families and 31 genera. The understory species of plantation in rehabilitation were relatively few（ 31 species）,which belonged to 17 families and 30 genera. Diversity comparisons among different types of urban forests showed that the species diversity of natural forests was higher than that of the plantation. The community and the forest landscape were better as well. Therefore construction of plantation of urban forests in Guangzhou with close-to-nature forestry management ideas is of significant implication.